PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia
SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 154 -136461
Semiotic Resources (TS) / Composition (LL) : symbol+ text (municipal crest)
Translational Agency (TS) / Directedness (LL) : top-down (municipal authority)
Discursive Framing (TS) / Discourse (LL) : infraestructural+informatory+regulatory (street naming, orientation)
Translation Strategy (TS) / Distribution (LL) : duplicating (A Fala ↔ Spanish)
Visibility / Linguistic Hierarchy (TS) / Dominance (LL) : positioning (A Fala on top, Spanish below, same typeface and size)
Mobility (TS) / Dynamics (LL) : fixed (fixed plaque)
Sign Type (TS) / Form (LL) : street sign
Textual Integrity (TS) / Integrity (LL) : complete (legible and intact)
Intertextuality (TS) / Layering (LL) : linguistic
Multilingualism (TS) / Linguality (LL) : bilingual (A Fala + Spanish)
Material (TS) / Material (LL) : metal
Inscription (TS) / Mode (LL) : enamelled lettering
Agents (TS) / Name (LL) : authority (municipal council)
Placement (TS) / Placement (LL) : wall (mounted on building façade)
Size (TS) / Size (LL) : A·-1m (small plaque)
Status (TS) / Status (LL) : authorised (official signage)
Paratext (TS) / Supplement (LL) : municipal crest (coat of arms)
Temporality (TS) / Temporality (LL) : permanent
Language Constellation (TS) / Languages (LL) : FAX (A Fala) + SPA (Spanish)
Intersemiotic Elements (TS) / Non-Linguistic Semiotics (LL) : municipal crest
Translation Mode (TS) / Translation Mode (LL) : interlingual (A Fala ↔ Spanish)
Translational Silencing (TS) / Absence Marker (LL) : Yes (Extremaduran absent)
Notes : This street sign illustrates municipal recognition of A Fala, with its placement above Spanish, reversing the usual hierarchy seen elsewhere. The inclusion of the municipal crest emphasises institutional authority, while the bilingual layout foregrounds the local language as primary in this context.
PALRA
146189
Naomi_Heller
Spain
València
—
Valencia
146445
Naomi_Heller
Spain
València
—
Valencia
28941
Spain
Salamanca
English phrase written on a window display #adv
135950
Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto
Spain
Cáceres
Spanish
The words PRODUCTOS and DE VENTA AQUÍ localize the sign to Spanish-speaking customers.
This ensures that locals understand clearly that Kodak products are available for purchase here.
It reflects the everyday, functional communication of the business.
English / Brand name ("Kodak")
Kodak is an international, English-origin brand, widely recognized globally.
English here is not functional (not meant to be read like a sentence) but symbolic, representing technology, modernity, and global identity.
Even without translation, people know "Kodak" = photography.
Combination of global + local
The global brand (Kodak, English) gives prestige and international recognition.
The local language (Spanish) adapts the message to the community, making it accessible.
The old style of the sign (yellowed, aged) suggests a relic of Kodak’s stronger presence in the pre-digital camera era. Linguistically, it shows how international English brands once dominated retail spaces, but always in partnership with the local language.
PALRA
136206
Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto
Spain
Cáceres
—
PALRA
136462
Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto
Spain
San Martín de Trevejo
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia
SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 155 -136462
PALRA
136718
Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto
Spain
Cáceres
—
PALRA
146190
Naomi_Heller
Spain
València
—
Valencia
146446
Naomi_Heller
Spain
València
—
Valencia
147214
alex_analyzing stickers_unibe
Spain
València
—
Valencia
28942
Spain
Salamanca
English phrase #adv
68623
Spain
Sevilla
Betis 56
135951
Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto
Spain
Cáceres
The linguistic landscape here is multilingual and symbolic. Italian ("Gelateria") communicates tradition and authenticity, French ("Carte d’Or") conveys sophistication, and images provide universal accessibility. It reflects globalized food culture where European languages (especially Italian and French) are used as markers of quality and prestige, even outside their home countries.
PALRA
136207
Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto
Spain
Cáceres
—
PALRA
136463
Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto
Spain
San Martín de Trevejo
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia
SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 156 -136463
Lingscape
