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Pin 135761 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Español (Spanish)
authorized informatory infrastructural operative top-down cultural complementary metal color positioning size printed information sign wood fixed monolingual permanent A3 – 1m² image-symbol-text complete wall authority institution
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 020 - 155761 PALRA
Pin 135762 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Fala (Fala)
authorized commercial operative bottom-up cultural mixing color positioning size printed graffiti plastic information sign typeface fixed monolingual permanent A3 – 1m² complete image-text roof wall business hospitality
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 021 - 155762 PALRA
Pin 135763 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Fala (Fala)
recognized artistic commemorative operative bottom-up cultural historic complementary paint positioning sprayed mural typeface fixed monolingual permanent 1m² – 4m² image-text complete wall artist
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 022 - 155763 PALRA
Pin 135764 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Fala (Fala)
recognized artistic commemorative operative bottom-up cultural historic complementary paint positioning sprayed mural typeface fixed monolingual permanent 1m² – 4m² image-text partially removed wall artist
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 023 - 155764 PALRA
Pin 135765 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Fala (Fala)
recognized artistic commemorative operative bottom-up cultural historic complementary paint positioning sprayed mural typeface fixed permanent monolingual 1m² – 4m² complete image-text wall artist
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 024 - 155765 PALRA
Pin 135766 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Español (Spanish)
authorized informatory infrastructural operative top-down cultural complementary metal color positioning size printed display panel wood fixed permanent monolingual A3 – 1m² image-symbol-text complete wall authority institution
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 025 -155766 PALRA
Pin 135743 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Fala (Fala) Español (Spanish)
authorized commercial operative bottom-up metal size carved wood street sign typeface fixed permanent bilingual 1m² – 4m² complete symbol-text sign business hospitality
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 002 - 135743 Semiotic Resources (TS) / Composition (LL) : text + symbol (logo “e”) Translational Agency (TS) / Directedness (LL) : bottom-up (commercial, private business) Discursive Framing (TS) / Discourse (LL) : commercial (restaurant/bar signage) Translation Strategy (TS) / Distribution (LL) : mixing Visibility / Linguistic Hierarchy (TS) / Dominance (LL) : size, typeface Mobility (TS) / Dynamics (LL) : fixed Sign Type (TS) / Form (LL) : shop sign Textual Integrity (TS) / Integrity (LL) : complete Intertextuality (TS) / Layering (LL) : linguistic Multilingualism (TS) / Linguality (LL) : monolingual Material (TS) / Material (LL) : wood (background), metal(letters) Inscription (TS) / Mode (LL) : carved/cut-out lettering applied to surface Agents (TS) / Name (LL) : business+ hospitality (restaurant/bar owners) Placement (TS) / Placement (LL) : sign - shopfront exterior (mounted high on pole) Size (TS) / Size (LL) : 1-4m² Status (TS) / Status (LL) : authorised (permitted business signage) Paratext (TS) / Supplement (LL) : none Temporality (TS) / Temporality (LL) : permanent Language Constellation (TS) / Languages (LL) : FAX (A Fala) / SPA ( Spanish) Intersemiotic Elements (TS) / Non-Linguistic Semiotics (LL) : logo symbol (“e” with concentric arcs) Translation Mode (TS) / Translation Mode (LL) : intralingual (slogan in A Fala, logo in Spanish) Translational Silencing (TS) / Absence Marker (LL) : Yes (Extremaduran absent) Notes : The slogan “Femus de comel” (“we make food” in A Fala) foregrounds the local variety in a commercial context, marking identity and authenticity. Its exclusivity (no Spanish/English translation) suggests pride and a targeted local audience rather than tourists. The creative logo design (e) Enigma, strengthens brand identity while pairing Spanish. PALRA
Pin 135744 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
English (English) Español (Spanish)
authorized commercial informatory infrastructural operative regulatory top-down linguistic duplicating positioning size printed plastic sticker fixed permanent bilingual A6 – A5 complete symbol-text other business institution
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 003 - 155744 Semiotic Resources (TS) / Composition (LL) : text + symbol (QR code, logo) Translational Agency (TS) / Directedness (LL) : top-down (corporate/institutional, Endesa) Discursive Framing (TS) / Discourse (LL) : infrastructural, informatory, commercial, regulatory (service information) Translation Strategy (TS) / Distribution (LL) : duplicating (Spanish fully translated into English) Visibility / Linguistic Hierarchy (TS) / Dominance (LL) : typeface + positioning +size(Spanish first, larger emphasis; English smaller) Mobility (TS) / Dynamics (LL) : fixed (affixed sticker) Sign Type (TS) / Form (LL) : sticker Textual Integrity (TS) / Integrity (LL) : complete (legible, intact, though slightly worn) Intertextuality (TS) / Layering (LL) : linguistic Multilingualism (TS) / Linguality (LL) : bilingual Material (TS) / Material (LL) : plastic-coated sticker Inscription (TS) / Mode (LL) : printed Agents (TS) / Name (LL) : business / institution (Endesa energy company) Placement (TS) / Placement (LL) : other / surface of infrastructure (likely on charging station / meter) Size (TS) / Size (LL) : A6-A5 Status (TS) / Status (LL) : authorised (official company signage) Paratext (TS) / Supplement (LL) : none Temporality (TS) / Temporality (LL) : permanent (intended to last with service infrastructure) Language Constellation (TS) / Languages (LL) : SPA (Spanish) + ENG (English) Intersemiotic Elements (TS) / Non-Linguistic Semiotics (LL) : QR code + logo symbol Translation Mode (TS) / Translation Mode (LL) : interlingual (Spanish ↔ English) Translational Silencing (TS) / Absence Marker (LL) : Yes (Extremaduran absent) Notes : This sticker shows corporate multilingualism oriented to functionality and accessibility. Spanish remains dominant (larger, first), while English is added as a service language for tourists/international users. Extremaduran is excluded, underscoring the absence of regional/minority language recognition in corporate communication. The QR code adds an interactive/digital intersemiotic layer. PALRA
Pin 135745 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Español (Spanish)
authorized commercial informatory operative top-down cultural metal overlapping positioning size printed information sign typeface fixed monolingual permanent 1m² – 4m² complete symbol-text sign authority institution
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 004 - 155745 Semiotic Resources (TS) / Composition (LL) : symbol+text (logo of the association) Translational Agency (TS) / Directedness (LL) : top-down (institutional / official tourism network) Discursive Framing (TS) / Discourse (LL) : commercial+informative Translation Strategy (TS) / Distribution (LL) : not applicable (monolingual inscription) Visibility / Linguistic Hierarchy (TS) / Dominance (LL) : typeface + positioning + size(large central Spanish text dominates) Mobility (TS) / Dynamics (LL) : fixed (fixed roadside sign) Sign Type (TS) / Form (LL) : information sign Textual Integrity (TS) / Integrity (LL) : complete (minor wear in logo) Intertextuality (TS) / Layering (LL) : cultural Multilingualism (TS) / Linguality (LL) : monolingual Material (TS) / Material (LL) : metal panel Inscription (TS) / Mode (LL) : printed Agents (TS) / Name (LL) : authority / institution (national tourism association) Placement (TS) / Placement (LL) : sign Size (TS) / Size (LL) : 1–4 m² (large roadside sign) Status (TS) / Status (LL) : authorised (officially installed and permitted) Paratext (TS) / Supplement (LL) : none Temporality (TS) / Temporality (LL) : permanent (intended long-term signage) Language Constellation (TS) / Languages (LL) : SPA (Spanish) Intersemiotic Elements (TS) / Non-Linguistic Semiotics (LL) : logo (red roof and mountains design) Translation Mode (TS) / Translation Mode (LL) : intersemiotic (logo) Translational Silencing (TS) / Absence Marker (LL) : Yes (Extremaduran absent) Notes : This is an example of institutional monolingual signage: Spanish is the sole language used to represent local identity within a national tourism brand. Despite San Martín de Trevejo being an A Fala-speaking town, the local variety is silenced here, replaced by the hegemonic national language. The cracks in the sign also index material ageing, contrasting the permanence of its institutional authority with the fragility of its materiality. PALRA
Pin 135767 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Español (Spanish)
authorized infrastructural ghost regulatory top-down historic positioning plaque typeface fixed monolingual permanent other other A3 – 1m² complete text wall authority
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 026 - 155767 PALRA
Pin 135768 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Español (Spanish)
authorized infrastructural ghost regulatory top-down historic positioning plaque typeface fixed monolingual permanent other other A3 – 1m² complete text wall authority
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 027 - 155768 PALRA
Pin 135746 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
English (English) Português (Portuguese) Español (Spanish)
recognized commercial informatory operative bottom-up mixing color paper quantity size printed poster typeface fixed event-related trilingual material A3 – 1m² image-text superimposed public transport stop event festival
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 005 - 155746 Semiotic Resources (TS) / Composition (LL) : image+text (photos of performers, bull, logos, symbols) Translational Agency (TS) / Directedness (LL) : bottom-up (commercial & cultural promoters) Discursive Framing (TS) / Discourse (LL) : commercial+ informatory (event-related) Translation Strategy (TS) / Distribution (LL) : mixing Visibility / Linguistic Hierarchy (TS) / Dominance (LL) :quantity+size+ typeface+colour (large, bold performer names dominate; background images secondary) Mobility (TS) / Dynamics (LL) : fixed (affixed to panel/board) Sign Type (TS) / Form (LL) : posters (concert + bullfighting + festival) Textual Integrity (TS) / Integrity (LL) : superimposed (readable posters, not significantly damaged) Intertextuality (TS) / Layering (LL) : material Multilingualism (TS) / Linguality (LL) : bilingual Material (TS) / Material (LL) : paper Inscription (TS) / Mode (LL) : printed Agents (TS) / Name (LL) : event- festival Placement (TS) / Placement (LL) : public transport stop Size (TS) / Size (LL) : A3–1 m² (main concert poster); smaller for side posters Status (TS) / Status (LL) : recognised (transgressive or semi-authorised (community posters often pasted informally) Paratext (TS) / Supplement (LL) : none Temporality (TS) / Temporality (LL) : event-related (concerts, festivals, bullfighting dates) Language Constellation (TS) / Languages (LL) : SPA (Spanish)+POR ( Portuguese)+ ENG ( English) Intersemiotic Elements (TS) / Non-Linguistic Semiotics (LL) : images of bull, performer photo, coloured festival map Translation Mode (TS) / Translation Mode (LL) : interlingual (3 languages) Translational Silencing (TS) / Absence Marker (LL) : Yes Extremaduran Notes : This cluster of posters highlights how public boards become contested semiotic spaces: overlapping inscriptions, competing for visibility. The commercial concert poster dominates visually, overshadowing smaller cultural and cross-border festival announcements. Despite being in San Martín de Trevejo (A Fala-speaking area, near Portugal), neither A Fala nor Portuguese are included, reinforcing the dominance of Spanish in event promotion. Additional Info: Poster 1 (left, black – “MORALEJA”) Language: Spanish (Castilian) Content: bullfighting schedule ("corrida de reses bravas", "novillada", "picadores") with names of toreros. Poster 2 (center – “Oro Viejo by DJ Nano”) Languages: Spanish and English "SÁBADO 16 AGOSTO 2025 DESDE LAS 22H" : Saturday, 16 August 2025, from 22h. (Spanish) Artists’ names appear in English/Spanish mix: e.g., "Rebeka Brown", "Raul Ortiz", "Abel The Kid", "Carlos Chaparro". Website: "sysevents.com" (English format). A mix of Spanish (date, time, location) and English (branding, event promotion), common in music and nightlife advertising in Spain. Poster 3 (bottom right – Feria Rayana) Languages: Spanish and Portuguese Spanish: "DEL 28 AL 31 DE AGOSTO 2025, MORALEJA" Portuguese: "FEIRA RAIANA" (fair between Spain and Portugal, "raiana" means “borderland”). PALRA
Pin 135747 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
English (English) Español (Spanish)
commercial informatory operative bottom-up cultural mixing color paper positioning size printed poster typeface fixed event-related bilingual A3 – 1m² complete symbol-text public transport stop event festival
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 006 - 155747 Semiotic Resources (TS) / Composition (LL) symbol+text (logo with sun + typography) Translational Agency (TS) / Directedness (LL) : bottom-up (festival organisers, cultural association + promoters) Discursive Framing (TS) / Discourse (LL) : commercial+informatory Translation Strategy (TS) / Distribution (LL) : mixing Visibility / Linguistic Hierarchy (TS) / Dominance (LL) : colour (red background with fluorescent yellow text draws attention), size (performers’ names highlighted larger), typeface, position Mobility (TS) / Dynamics (LL) : fixed (affixed poster) Sign Type (TS) / Form (LL) : poster Textual Integrity (TS) / Integrity (LL) : complete (intact, legible) Intertextuality (TS) / Layering (LL) : cultural Multilingualism (TS) / Linguality (LL) : monolingual Material (TS) / Material (LL) : paper Inscription (TS) / Mode (LL) : printed Agents (TS) / Name (LL) : festival+event (Gata Sound) Placement (TS) / Placement (LL) : public transport stop Size (TS) / Size (LL) : A3–1 m² Status (TS) / Status (LL) : recognised (semi-authorised / tolerated event posters often pasted in shared public boards) Paratext (TS) / Supplement (LL) : none Temporality (TS) / Temporality (LL) : event-related (festival dates Aug 1–3, 2025) Language Constellation (TS) / Languages (LL) : SPA (Spanish)+ENG ( English) Intersemiotic Elements (TS) / Non-Linguistic Semiotics (LL) : festival logo (sun with mountain silhouette), QR code Translation Mode (TS) / Translation Mode (LL) : INTERLINGUAL (2 Languages) Translational Silencing (TS) / Absence Marker (LL) : Yes ( Extremaduran absent) Notes : This poster exemplifies how regional festivals use bold colour coding and typographic hierarchy (performers highlighted in fluorescent boxes) to organise visual attention. Despite being located in an A Fala-speaking town, the promotional discourse is exclusively in Spanish, marking a tension between local linguistic identity and wider commercial reach. The QR code introduces a digital extension, merging physical and online promotional ecologies. PALRA
Pin 135769 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Español (Spanish)
authorized infrastructural ghost regulatory top-down dialogic positioning plaque typeface fixed monolingual permanent other other A3 – 1m² complete text wall authority
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 028 - 155769 PALRA
Pin 135770 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Fala (Fala) Español (Spanish)
authorized commercial informatory infrastructural operative regulatory top-down linguistic duplicating mixing metal positioning quantity printed street sign fixed permanent bilingual 1m² – 4m² complete symbol-text wall authority
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 029 - 155770 PALRA
Pin 135771 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Fala (Fala) Español (Spanish)
recognized commercial informatory operative bottom-up linguistic mixing metal positioning size printed display panel typeface fixed permanent bilingual A3 – 1m² complete symbol-text gate business
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 030 - 155771 PALRA
Pin 135772 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Fala (Fala) Español (Spanish)
authorized recognized commercial informatory infrastructural operative regulatory top-down linguistic duplicating fragmentary metal positioning quantity printed information sign permanent bilingual 1m² – 4m² image-symbol-text complete gate wall authority business
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 031 - 155772 PALRA
Pin 135773 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
No language
recognized infrastructural operative bottom-up religious cultural historic color material positioning size object (non-sign) fixed permanent other ≤ A6 complete symbol wall person religious agent
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 032 - 155773 PALRA
Pin 135774 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
No language
infrastructural operative bottom-up religious cultural historic color material positioning size object (non-sign) fixed permanent other other ≤ A6 complete symbol-text wall person religious agent
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 033 - 155774 PALRA
Pin 135748 Laura_Pizarro_Jacinto Spain San Martín de Trevejo
Fala (Fala) Español (Spanish)
authorized informatory infrastructural operative top-down linguistic duplicating metal positioning printed information sign fixed permanent bilingual A3 – 1m² image-symbol-text complete post authority
PALRA | Documenting Living Languages in Western Iberia SM | San Martín de Trevejo Corpus ID : 007 - 155748 Semiotic Resources (TS) / Composition (LL) : symbol-text (parking “P” + arrow + municipal crest) Translational Agency (TS) / Directedness (LL) : top-down (municipal authority) Discursive Framing (TS) / Discourse (LL) : regulatory, informatory+infrastructural (parking instructions) Translation Strategy (TS) / Distribution (LL) : duplicating (Spanish fully translated into Extremaduran) Visibility / Linguistic Hierarchy (TS) / Dominance (LL) : positioning (Spanish on top, Extremaduran below); typeface = equal size/colour Mobility (TS) / Dynamics (LL) : fixed (fixed traffic sign) Sign Type (TS) / Form (LL) : information sign + regulatory (parking) Textual Integrity (TS) / Integrity (LL) : complete (legible, intact) Intertextuality (TS) / Layering (LL) : Linguistic Multilingualism (TS) / Linguality (LL) : bilingual Material (TS) / Material (LL) : metal Inscription (TS) / Mode (LL) : printed (industrial signage) Agents (TS) / Name (LL) : authority (municipal / local council) Placement (TS) / Placement (LL) : street sign (mounted roadside) Size (TS) / Size (LL) : A3-1 m² Status (TS) / Status (LL) : authorised (official signage) Paratext (TS) / Supplement (LL) : none Temporality (TS) / Temporality (LL) : permanent (infrastructure sign) Language Constellation (TS) / Languages (LL) : SPA (Spanish) + FAX ( A Fala) Intersemiotic Elements (TS) / Non-Linguistic Semiotics (LL) : “P” parking symbol, municipal crest, directional arrow Translation Mode (TS) / Translation Mode (LL) : interlingual (Spanish ↔ A fala) Translational Silencing (TS) / Absence Marker (LL) : yes Notes : This sign is significant as it represents institutional recognition of Extremaduran, rarely used in official signage. However, the placement hierarchy (Spanish above, Extremaduran below) reproduces symbolic dominance. The absence of A Fala is striking given the town’s linguistic ecology, highlighting competing policies of visibility for minority languages. PALRA